Packing seal of water pump
The packing seal of the water pump, also known as the packing seal or soft packing seal, is a commonly used sealing form in the water pump. Its main purpose is to prevent the fluid in the pump from leaking outward along the axial direction and prevent external impurities from entering the pump by filling the gap between the pump shaft and the pump housing with sealing materials. The following is a detailed analysis of the packing seal of the water pump:
1. Sealing principle
The principle of the packing seal is to use the elastic packing filled between the inner wall of the packing cavity and the bearing surface to block the gap under pressure through its elastic deformation, thereby preventing water from flowing out and air from entering. When the radial pressure is equal to or greater than the medium pressure, the purpose of sealing can be achieved. In addition, the lubricant impregnated in the packing will be squeezed out when the shaft and the packing move relative to each other, forming an oil film, which plays a dual role of lubrication and sealing.
2. Structural composition
The packing seal is generally composed of components such as packing rings, packing glands and sleeves. The packing ring is the main carrier of the sealing material, usually composed of multiple annular packings, installed in the packing cavity. The packing gland is used to press the packing on the sleeve to form a seal. The sleeve is installed on the pump shaft and is in direct contact with the packing, playing a protective and supporting role.
3. Features
Simple structure: The structure of the packing seal is relatively simple, and it is easy to install and maintain.
Low cost: Due to its simple structure, the manufacturing cost and use cost of the packing seal are relatively low.
Easy to install: The installation process of the packing seal is relatively simple, and no complex equipment and tools are required.
Disadvantages: However, the packing seal also has some disadvantages, such as high power consumption, severe wear of the sleeve, and easy to cause heat and smoke. In addition, the sealing performance of the packing seal is affected by factors such as the type of packing, the degree of compression and the surface condition of the shaft, and the packing needs to be checked and replaced regularly.
4. Application occasions
The packing seal is suitable for occasions where the operating environment and leakage are not required. In low-pressure and low-speed water pumps, the packing seal is an economical and practical sealing method. However, under harsh working conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, flammable and explosive and corrosive media, the packing seal may not meet the sealing requirements, and other more complex sealing forms need to be adopted.
5. Maintenance and care
In order to maintain the good performance of the packing seal, regular maintenance and care are required. Specific measures include:
Regularly check the packing compression to ensure that the packing and the sleeve maintain appropriate contact pressure.
Replace the packing regularly to avoid packing aging, wear or corrosion that may lead to reduced sealing performance.
Clean the packing cavity and the sleeve surface to remove dirt and impurities and keep the sealing surface clean and smooth.
Pay attention to the selection and replenishment of lubricants to ensure that a good lubricating film is formed between the packing and the sleeve.
